Control emissions at the cylinder level, with Zero CO, Zero HC and near zero NO

  • Home
  • Environment
  • Cylinder
    • Design space
  • Engine
    • Commercial engine
    • Heavy Marine
    • Racing
    • Wind Power
  • Physics
    • Physics Of Time
    • Abstracts
  • Licensing
    • Industrial position
    • Market
  • Contact
  • More
    • Home
    • Environment
    • Cylinder
      • Design space
    • Engine
      • Commercial engine
      • Heavy Marine
      • Racing
      • Wind Power
    • Physics
      • Physics Of Time
      • Abstracts
    • Licensing
      • Industrial position
      • Market
    • Contact
  • Sign In

  • My Account
  • Signed in as:

  • filler@godaddy.com


  • My Account
  • Sign out

Signed in as:

filler@godaddy.com

  • Home
  • Environment
  • Cylinder
    • Design space
  • Engine
    • Commercial engine
    • Heavy Marine
    • Racing
    • Wind Power
  • Physics
    • Physics Of Time
    • Abstracts
  • Licensing
    • Industrial position
    • Market
  • Contact

Account

  • My Account
  • Sign out

  • Sign In
  • My Account

Time is a Form of Energy

Dr. Ibrahim Mounir Hanna

  

Physics of Time (PoT): A Time-Primary Engineering Diagnostic for Open Systems


The Physics of Time (PoT) framework is a physics-grounded engineering diagnostic developed to address a practical limitation of classical mechanics in open systems.

Classical mechanics correctly governs motion through force laws in physical space. However, in systems with moving boundaries or evolving geometry, classical analysis becomes largely procedural: accurate predictions require full trajectory integration, numerical simulation, and post-hoc evaluation. As a result, classical mechanics provides correctness, but offers limited design-level insight.

PoT does not replace classical mechanics. Instead, it adds a time-primary diagnostic layer that makes conserved power availability and momentum realization explicit during motion—before full integration is performed.

  

What PoT Is (and Is Not)

  • PoT is an engineering framework for      diagnosing how geometry and timing redistribute pressure, momentum, and      power in open systems.
  • PoT is not a new force theory, not a new      energy source, and not a replacement for Newtonian mechanics or      thermodynamics.

Classical equations of motion remain fully valid. PoT operates alongside them to restore practical predictability and design intuition.

  

Why Classical Mechanics Becomes Impractical in Open Systems

In closed systems with fixed geometry, force laws yield both correct motion and usable design intuition.

In open systems:

  • geometry evolves during motion,
  • pressure fields and force      pathways change continuously,
  • effective participating mass      varies in time.

While classical mechanics can still calculate outcomes, these effects become visible only after full integration or simulation. There is no simple, conservative diagnostic to guide early design decisions.

  

PoT’s Engineering Contribution

PoT introduces a time-primary power ledger that tracks how acceleration exposure governs power realization under shared field normalization:
 

This expression does not modify physical laws. It provides a pre-integrative engineering diagnostic that predicts:

  • the direction of performance      change,
  • the relative magnitude of      improvement,
  • and the role of boundary motion      and geometry,

before computationally expensive simulations are run.

  

Empirical Validation

Between 2018 and 2025, PoT was validated through more than 100 full-cycle CFD simulations of moving-boundary combustion systems.

Across all cases:

  • classical mechanics predicted      correct motion,
  • PoT predicted correct design      trends and gains,
  • net useful work increased by      18–45%,
  • global conservation laws were      preserved.

PoT consistently reduced design iteration time by identifying promising configurations early.

  

How PoT Should Be Used

PoT is intended as:

  • a first-principles engineering      diagnostic,
  • a screening and scaling tool for      open systems,
  • a guide for geometry-driven      design decisions.

Classical mechanics and simulation remain essential for validation and detailed analysis.

  


Physics of Time is a conservative, time-primary engineering diagnostic that restores practical design capability in open systems—complementing classical mechanics without altering its laws.

Understand the field

Geometry itself can do work — when the walls move

 

Understanding the Field


  

Understand the Field

Geometry as a Governing Pathway for Power Realization

Geometry by itself does not supply power.

However, when boundaries evolve during motion driven by real forces, geometry becomes an active pathway through which power is realized in time. In open systems, changing geometry reshapes pressure distributions, modifies force pathways, and alters how momentum and work appear—while remaining fully conservative.

This distinction is central to open-system physics and engineering.

  

Understanding the Field (For Physicists)

In classical mechanics, motion is governed by real forces acting on mass in physical space. When non-inertial frames are used, apparent or inertial forces (e.g., D’Alembert forces) are sometimes introduced as accounting tools. These forces do not represent new power sources; they simply recast force balance in an accelerating reference frame.

The Physics of Time (PoT) framework does not introduce new forces or rely on fictitious ones. Instead, it identifies when changing geometrycauses real, conservative redistribution of pressure and momentum during motion, even though the equations of motion themselves remain unchanged.

The key distinction is not frame choice, but whether the realization path is static or evolving.

  

When Geometry Becomes Physically Active

The defining condition is geometry-induced constraint acceleration, denoted A2.

In an open system—such as a combustion chamber with a moving boundary—real forces (pressure, combustion, gravity) generate motion through a net-force acceleration A1. If, during this motion, the geometry of the system evolves, the realized motion is continuously reshaped relative to a non-static path.

This produces a real, measurable redistribution of power, not a fictitious effect.

Specifically, changing geometry alters:

  • the pressure-to-volume ratio,
  • the duration over which pressure      performs work,
  • the effective coherence mass Mfparticipating in force      transmission.

These changes appear as a reaction associated with geometry, but they do not originate power.

  

Geometry Is Not a Power Source — It Is a Power Pathway

All power in the system originates from real forces associated with A1 :

  • pressure,
  • combustion,
  • thrust,
  • gravity.

Geometry does not add energy.

Instead, geometry governs how and when that power is realized.

In PoT terms:

  • A1 delivers power,
  • A2 shapes power realization.

Boundary motion modifies the instantaneous pressure field through the rate of volume change dv/dt , which in turn reshapes force pathways and realized work.

This redistribution is conservative and time-dependent.

  

The Classical Root: Reynolds Transport Theorem (RTT)

The mathematical foundation of PoT lies in the Reynolds Transport Theorem, which generalizes Newtonian mechanics to systems where:

  • mass may enter or exit,
  • boundaries move,
  • geometry evolves in time.

RTT explains:

  • why the effective participating      mass Mfevolves,
  • how geometry introduces      constraint effects captured by A2,
  • why power accounting in open      systems must be time-primary.

PoT does not replace Newton’s laws. It extends their applicabilityby recognizing that in open systems:

  • the participating mass is Mf, not a fixed particle mass,
  • realization depends on both A2 and geometric constraint A1,
  • time must be field-normalized to      compare systems with different boundary motion.

  

Core Definitions  

Effective Coherence Mass Mf

A1 is the portion of matter whose inertia is actively coupled to the evolving geometry and pressure field at a given instant.

It is not simply the piston mass or gas mass.
It depends on:

  • boundary motion,
  • pressure-field coherence,
  • pressure-to-volume ratio,
  • effective work time.

  

A1— Real-Force Acceleration

Acceleration generated by real forces:

  • pressure,
  • combustion,
  • thrust,
  • gravity.

This is the power-delivering channel.

Units: m/s²

  

A2 — Geometry-Induced Constraint Acceleration

Acceleration arising from evolving geometry, including:

  • moving boundaries,
  • changing chamber volumes,
  • kinematic constraints,
  • orbital curvature.

A2:

  • does not add power,
  • does not represent an      external force,
  • governs how force-generated      motion is realized in time.

External influences such as wind always belong to , never to .

  

Coordinates in the Time Field (Diagnostic, Not Physical)

PoT uses a Cartesian diagnostic framework, not a physical space:

C = (t,A1,A2)

 

where:

  • t is field-normalized acceleration      exposure,
  • A1 is real-force acceleration,
  • A2 is geometry-induced governing      acceleration.

The origin is defined by the instantaneous coherence mass .
This origin is not a position; it is a participation reference.

Within this framework:

  • A1 represents realized momentum,
  • A2 represents the field-relative      realization pathway.

This Cartesian structure makes explicit how geometry reshapes power realization in open systems while remaining fully conservative and fully Newtonian.

In open systems, geometry does not create power—but it governs how power is realized in time. Physics of Time makes this governing role explicit, conservative, and usable for engineering design.

 

Copyright © 2019 Relative-Motion- All Rights Reserved.


All material on this website including but not limited to text, images, videos, graphics, animation, physics methods and equations  and other materials (herein "content") are subject to the copyright and other intellectual property rights.  Content of this website is for personal use only and may not be reproduced, communicated or published, in whole or in part, for any purpose without the express written consent of this website ownership.


Limitations of liabilities

Any and all information on this website is provided "as is" with no warranties as to the accuracy, adequacy, completeness, or appropriateness for any particular use. This website disclaims liability for any errors  or damages whatsoever that may arise out of or in connection with the use of this website, even after any advice of the possibility of such damages. This statement applies however only to the extent permitted by applicable laws.

  • Commercial engine
  • Racing
  • Wind Power

Powered by

Cookie Policy

This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this site, you accept our use of cookies.

Accept & Close